The South Pole

Table of Contents

• The First Account
• Introduction

1. The History of the South Pole
2. Plan and Preparations
3. On the Way to the South
4. From Madeira to the Barrier
5. On the Barrier
6. Depot Journeys
7. Preparing for Winter
8. A Day at Framheim
9. The End of the Winter
10. The Start for the Pole
11. Through the Mountains
12. At the Pole
13. The Return to Framheim
14. Northward
15. The Eastern Sledge Journey
16. The Voyage of the “Fram”

Appendices

1. The “Fram”
2. Remarks on the Meteorological Observations at Framheim
3. Geology
4. The Astronomical Observations at the Pole
5. Oceanography

List of Illustrations

Not included in this web book edition.

• Roald Amundsen
• Approximate Bird's-eye View, Drawn from the First Telegraphic Account
• Reproduced by permission of the Daily Chronicle
• The Opening of Roald Amundsen's Manuscript
• Helmer Hanssen, Ice Pilot, a Member of the Polar Party
• The "Fram's" Pigsty
• The Pig's Toilet
• Hoisting the Flag
• A Patient
• Some Members of the Expedition
• Sverre Hassel
• Oscar Wisting
• In the North-east Trades
• In the Rigging
• Taking an Observation
• Ronne Felt Safer when the Dogs were Muzzled
• Starboard Watch on the Bridge
• Olav Bjaaland, a Member of the Polar Party
• In the Absence of Lady Partners, Ronne Takes a Turn with the Dogs
• An Albatross
• In Warmer Regions
• A Fresh Breeze in the West Wind Belt
• The Propeller Lifted in the Westerlies
• The "Fram's" Saloon Decorated for Christmas Eve
• Ronne at a Sailor's Job
• The "Fram" In Drift-ice
• Drift-ice in Ross Sea
• A Clever Method of Landing
• The "Fram" under Sail
• Cape Man's Head on the Barrier
• Seal-hunting
• The "Fram"
• The Crew of the "Fram" in the Bay of Whales
• The "Fram" in the Bay of Whales
• The First Dog-camp
• Digging the Foundations of Framheim
• Building the Hut
• Unloading the Six Sledge-drivers
• Polar Transport
• Penguins
• The Provision Store
• Framheim, January, 1911
• Suggen, Arne, and the Colonel
• Mikkel, Ravn, and Mas-mas
• Framheim, February, 1911
• Prestrud in Winter Dress
• Bjaaland in Winter Dress
• The "Fram" Veteran, Lindstrom: the Only Man Who has Sailed round the Continent of America
• The Start of the First Depot Journey
• A Page from the Sledge Diary, Giving Details of Depots I. and II.
• Framheim, March, 1911
• Killing Seals for the Depot
• The Meat Tent
• The Meteorological Screen
• Inside a Dog-tent
• A Winter Evening at Framheim
• The Carpenters' Shop
• Entrance to the Hut
• Entrance to the Western Workshop
• Prestrud in His Observatory
• Wisting at the Sewing-machine
• Packing Sledges in the "Crystal Palace"
• Lindstrom with the Buckwheat Cakes
• On His "Native Heath": A Dog on the Barrier Ice
• Dogs Exercising
• Helmer Hanssen on a Seal-hunt
• Hanssen and Wisting Lashing the New Sledges
• Passage in the Ice
• Johansen Packing Provisions in the "Crystal Palace"
• A Corner of the Kitchen
• Stubberud Taking it Easy
• Johansen Packing Biscuits in the "Crystal Palace"
• Hassel and the Vapour-bath
• Midwinter Day, June, 1911
• Our Ski-binding in its Final Form
• At Work on Personal Outfit
• Trying on Patent Goggles
• Hassel in the Oil-store
• Deep in Thought
• Funcho
• The Loaded Sledges in the Clothing Store
• Sledges Ready for Use Being Hauled Out of the Store-room
• At the Depot in Lat. 80deg. S.
• Some of the Land Party in Winter Costume
• General Map of the South Polar Region
• Roald Amundsen in Polar Kit
• A Snow Beacon on the Barrier Surface
• Crevassed Surface on the Barrier
• Depot in 83 Degrees S.
• Depot in 82 Degrees S.
• At the Depot in Lat. 84 Degrees S.
• The Depot and Mountains in Lat. 85 Degrees S.
• Ascending Mount Betty
• Mount Fridtjof Nansen, 15,000 Feet Above the Sea
• At the End of a Day's March: the Pole Expedition
• The Tent After a Blizzard
• A Large Filled Crevasse on the Devil's Glacier
• Hell's Gate on the Devil's Glacier
• Mount Thorvald Nilsen
• The Sledges Packed for the Final March
• Taking an Observation at the Pole
• At the South Pole: Oscar Wisting and His Team Arrive at the Goal
• A Page from the Observation Book, December 17, 1911
• At the South Pole, December 16 and 17, 1911
• Mount Don Pedro Christophersen
• Framheim on the Return of the Polar Party
• Lindstrom in the Kitchen
• Farewell to the Barrier
• Bjaaland as Tinker
• Dogs Landed at Hobart for Dr. Mawson's Expedition
• Members of the Japanese Antarctic Expedition
• Lieutenant Prestrud
• An Original Inhabitant of the Antarctic
• Stubberud Reviews the Situation
• Camp on the Barrier: Eastern Expedition
• A Broken-off Cape
• Off to the East
• The Junction of the Great Barrier and King Edward Land
• Improvised Sounding Tackle
• The Leader of the Eastern Expedition, Prestrud, on Scott's Nunatak
• First in King Edward Land
• In King Edward Land: After a Three Days' Storm
• On Scott's Nunatak
• Scott's Nunatak
• The "Fram" at the Ice-edge, January, 1912
• The "Kainan Maru"
• Seals on Sea-ice near the Barrier
• Seals: Mother and Calf
• A Group of Adelie Penguins
• A Quiet Pipe
• First-lieutenant Thorvald Nilsen, Norwegian Navy
• The Second in Command Takes a Nap
• The "Fram" Sighted
• On the Ice-edge, January, 1911
• Our Last Moorings on the Ice-foot
• A Hunting Expedition at the Foot of the Barrier
• Beck Steers the "Fram" through Unknown Waters
• Our Cook, Cheerful and Contented as Usual
• Sectional Diagrams of the "Fram"

List of Maps and Charts

Not included with this web book edition.

1. Chart of the Immediate Surroundings of the South Pole to face
2. Chart of the Ross Sea
3. Chart of the Bay of Whales
4. Chart of the Antarctic Region

List of Figures

Not included with this web book edition.

1. Hypothetical Representation of the Surface Currents in the Northern Atlantic in April
2. The "Fram's" Route from June 20 To July 7, 1910
3. Temperature and Salinity in the "Fram's" Southern Section, June, 1910
4. Temperature and Salinity in the "Fram's" Northern Section, July, 1910
5. The "Fram's" Stations in the South Atlantic (June -- August, 1911)
6. Currents in the South Atlantic (June -- August, 1911)
7. Salinities and Temperatures at the Surface in the South Atlantic (June -- August, 1911)
8. Temperatures (Centigrade) at a Depth of 400 Metres (218 Fathoms)
9. Temperatures at Station 32 (In the Benguela Current, July 22, 1911), and at Station 60 (In the Brazil Current, August 19, 1911)
10. Salinities at Station 32 (In the Benguela Current, July 22, 1911), and at Station 60 (In the Brazil Current, August 19, 1911)
11. Salinities and Temperatures in the Southern Section (June -- July, 1911)
12. Salinities and Temperatures in the Northern Section (July -- August, 1911)
13. Temperatures at one of the "Fram's" and one of the "Challenger's" Stations, to the South of the South Equatorial Current
14. Temperatures at one of the "Fram's" and one of the "Valdivia's" Stations, in the Benguela Current
15. Temperatures at the "Planet's" Station 25, And the "Fram's" Station 39 -- Both in the Neighbourhood of St. Helena
16. Salinities at the "Planet's" Station 25 (March 19, 1906), and the "Fram's" Station 39 (July 29, 1911)